Tangut Manuscripts with Tibetan Phonetic Glosses

British Library Or.12380/1842

IDP : British Library Or.12380/1842


Description

This is a single sheet of a Tangut Buddhist manuscript held at the British Library in London. It has the pressmark Or.12380/1842 (originally K.K.II.0234.k), and was collected by Aurel Stein from Khara-Khoto during his expedition to Central Asia of 1913–1916. It has been studied by Berthold Laufer (Stein1928) and Tai Chung Pui (TCP2008) [amongst others], and is available online at the International Dunhuang Project.

The sheet is in poor condition, with several parts of the text lost. In total there are fifteen surviving lines, each about 25 characters in length, although only a single line is complete with no missing characters. Only the edge of the Tangut text remains on the first line, and only the Tibetan glosses remain on the last line, so there are only 13 lines with both Tangut characters and Tibetan glosses surviving. There are a total of about 207 identifiable Tangut characters with Tibetan phonetic glosses, and a total of about 249 legible or partially legible Tibetan phonetic glosses.

The Tangut text is written in a somewhat cursive hand with some simplifications of strokes, so that some characters are not easy to identify. In contrast the Tibetan phonetic glosses are written in a relatively neat, cursive, headless script, and are generally legible where undamaged. The large gap between each line of Tangut text seems to have been deliberately provided for the Tibetan transcription, and the colour of the ink is the same for the Tangut and Tibetan texts, so it is reasonable to assume that the Tibetan transcription was made at the same time as the Tangut text was written, although the two scripts would have been written by different scribes.


Transcription

Position TCP2008 Tangut Tibetan Note
Character LFW2008 Reading Stein
1928		 TCP2008 BabelStone
01:01 170101 □ ? [1]
01:02 170102 □ ?
01:03 170103 □ ?
01:04 170104 □ ?
01:05 170105 □ ?
01:06 170106 □ ?
01:07 170107 □ ?
01:08 170108 □ ?
01:09 170109 □ ?
01:10 170110 □ ?
01:11–24
02:01 170201 𗡪 L1290 tsew gtso g‑tsiv གཙིའ gtsi' གཙིའ
02:02 170202 𗣃 L3195 gjwi bgye b‑gyi བགྱི bgyi བགྱི
02:03 170203 𘟂 L0508 ŋwu du ngu ངུ ngu ངུ
02:04 170204 𘂤 L5993 kha kʽra khha ཁྷ kh+ha ཁྷ
02:05 170205 𗲠 L1364 ŋa dṅa d‑ngav དངའ dnga' དངའ
02:06 170206 𗎫 L2698 tsji̱r rtse rtse རྩེ rtse རྩེ
02:07 170207 𘘣 L1278 ·jɨ g‑yi g‑yi གཡི g.yi གཡི
02:08 170208 𗫂 L3583 tja ta ta ཏ ta ཏ
02:09 170209 𗍥 L0015 ɣjɨ̣ rgi rgi རྒི rgi རྒི
02:10 170210 𘟙 L3830 njij ne ne ནེ ne ནེ
02:11 170211 𗲠 L1364 ŋa da ngav ངའ nga' ངའ
02:12 170212 ?e ེ je' ཇེའ
02:13–25
03:01 170301 ?u ུ [?]u ུ
03:02 170302 □ ? g‑yi g‑yi གཡི g.yi གཡི
03:03 170303 𗫂 L3583 tja ba ta ཏ ta ཏ
03:04 170304 𘄡 L1771 sjịj gse g‑sev གསེའ gse' གསེའ
03:05 170305 𗲠 L1364 ŋa dṅa d‑ngav དངའ dnga' དངའ
03:06 170306 𘕂 L3852 dźjij gdže g‑jev གཇེའ gje' གཇེའ [2]
03:07 170307 𗗙 L1139 ·jij ye ye ཡེ ye ཡེ
03:08 170308 𘘣 L1278 ·jɨ g‑yi g‑yi གཡི g.yi གཡི
03:09 170309 𘌽 L5354 thjɨ tʽe thi ཐི thi ཐི
03:10 170310 𗱱 L1100 tshja čʽo tsha ཚ tsha ཚ
03:11 170311 𘛽 L1546 ljụ lu l? ལ lu ལུ
03:12–25
04:01 170401
04:02 170402 □ ?
04:03 170403 𗒘 L5057 ɣiej dge d‑ge དགེ dge དགེ
04:04 170404 𗎫 L2698 tsji̱r rtse rtse རྩེ rtse རྩེ
04:05 170405 𗲠 L1364 ŋa dṅa d‑ngav དངའ dnga' དངའ
04:06 170406 𘟂 L0508 ŋwu du ngu ངུ ngu ངུ
04:07 170407 □ ? dz? ཛ dza ཛ
04:08 170408 dmi d‑mi དམི dmi དམི
04:09 170409 ? ?o ོ [?]o ོ
04:10 170410 □ ? gsa g‑??v ག◌འ g[?]' ག◌འ
04:11 170411 𘟣 L0930 dju ạdu v‑duv འདུའ 'du' འདུའ
04:12 170412 𗗙 L1139 ·jij ye ye ཡེ ye ཡེ
04:13 170413 𗸸 L0369 thju̱ tʽu thu ཐུ thu ཐུ
04:14 170414 𗳒 L5880 ŋwu du ngu ངུ ngu ངུ
04:15 170415 𘂫 L5215 wjɨ̣ dgu d‑?? ད◌ d.wa ? དཝ
04:16 170416 𗍊 L0290 sju zu z? ཟ zu ཟུ
04:17 170417 𗱱 L1100 tshja ? tsha ཚ
04:18 170418 𘛽 L1546 ljụ lu lu ལུ lu ལུ
04:19 170419 𘙌 L1326 kjɨ ki ki ཀི ki ཀི
04:20 170420 𗜓 L4184 śja
04:21 170421 𗢼 L3180 zjịj
04:22 170422 𗋕 L2019 thja
04:23 170423 𘂆 L5815 tsjɨ
04:24 170424 □ ?
04:25
05:01 170501
05:02 170502
05:03 170503 𘟂 L0508 ŋwu du ngu ངུ
05:04 170504 𘔼 L2484 ? nio̱w gšu g‑nu གནུ gnu གནུ
05:05 170505 𘝵 L1245 ·jij gaṅ g‑ye གཡེ g.[?]e ག​ེ
05:06 170506 𗎫 L2698 tsji̱r rtso rtse རྩེ rtse རྩེ
05:07 170507 𘛽 L1546 ljụ du lu ལུ
05:08 170508 𘟂 L0508 ŋwu če? ngu ངུ ngu ངུ
05:09 170509 𘘦 L0322 tśhjwo čʽo chov ཆོའ cho' ཆོའ
05:10 170510 𘝞 L4797 ·jwɨr dčʽid d‑wir དཝིར d.wir དཝིར
05:11 170511 𘂤 L5993 kha kʽra khha ཁྷ kh+ha ཁྷ
05:12 170512 𘔨 L0638 njij gše g‑nev གནེའ gne' གནེའ
05:13 170513 𗒘 L5057 ɣiej dgre d‑ghe དགྷེ dgyue ? དགྱེུ [3]
05:14 170514 𗥔 L2753 lhe̱w sde lhi ལྷི lhi ལྷི
05:15 170515 𘘣 L1278 ·jɨ g‑yi g‑yiv གཡིའ g.yi' གཡིའ [4]
05:16 170516 𗫈 L3133 sjij gse g‑sev གསེའ gse' གསེའ
05:17 170517 𘓣 L2736 bia̱ ạbar v‑bar འབར 'bar འབར
05:18 170518 𗤠 L3691 war kʽo wa ཝ wa ཝ
05:19 170519 𘘚 L0998 dzji̱j dze dzev ཛེའ dze' ཛེའ
05:20 170520 𘂆 L5815 tsjɨ rtse tsi ཙི tsi ཙི
05:21 170521 𗋕 L2019 thja ža tha ཐ tha ཐ
05:22 170522 𗍊 L0290 sju zu zu ཟུ zu ཟུ
05:23 170523 □ ? dmi dmi དམི dmi དམི
05:24–25
06:01–08
06:09 170601 □ ? la m? མ [?]
06:10 170602 𗯨 L4713 rjur gdu g‑ruv གརུའ g.ru' གརུའ
06:11 170603 𗪠 L2763 ɣu rmu rgu རྒུ rgu རྒུ
06:12 170604 𗖵 L0433 bju ạbru v‑bu འབུ 'bu འབུ
06:13 170605 𗍺 L0752 tśja ba ca ཅ ca ཅ
06:14 170606 𘐔 L5771 tshwew ạtsʽo b‑tshi བཚི btshi བཚི
06:15 170607 𗡶 L0535 śjij že zhe ཞེ zhe ཞེ
06:16 170608 𗫂 L3583 tja ta ta ཏ ta ཏ
06:17 170609 𘕕 L5865 sọ gso g‑sov གསོའ gso' གསོའ
06:18 170610 𗯨 L4713 rjur dru ru རུ ru རུ
06:19 170611 𗐯 L4719 kiẹj dkre d‑kye དཀྱེུ dkyue ? དཀྱེུ [5]
06:20 170612 𘆄 L0724 njɨ ni ni ནི ni ནི
06:21 170613 𗍫 L4027 njɨ̱ gši g‑ni གནི gni གནི
06:22 170614 𗣃 L3195 gjwi bkyi b‑gyi བགྱི bgyi བགྱི
06:23 170615 du ngu ངུ ngu ངུ
06:24 do [?]i ི
06:25
07:01 170701 𗹙 L0467 tsji̱r rtsa rc? རྕ rtse རྩེ
07:02 170702 𘛽 L1546 ljụ su lu ལུ lu ལུ
07:03 □ ?
07:04 □ ?
07:05 □ ?
07:06
07:07
07:08
07:09
07:10
07:11 □ ?
07:12 170703 □ ? du ngu ངུ ngu ངུ
07:13 170704 𘂤 L5993 kha kʽra khha ཁྷ kh+ha ཁྷ
07:14 170705 □ ? šo ? b‑?ov བ​ོའ b[?]o' བ​ོའ
07:15 170706 𘓞 L3735 tjị sde sti སྟི sti སྟི
07:16 170707 𗖵 L0433 bju ạbru v‑bu འབུ 'bu འབུ
07:17 170708 𗹬 L3469 sjij gse g‑sev གསེའ gse' གསེའ
07:18 170709 𘟣 L0930 dju ạdu v‑duv འདུའ 'du' འདུའ
07:19 170710 𗅋 L1918 mji dmi d‑mi དམི dmi དམི
07:20 170711 𗫩 L2180 dźjɨ̱r gdži g‑jiv གཇིའ gji' གཇིའ
07:21 170712 𘔼 L2484 nio̱w gšu g‑nu གནུ gnu གནུ
07:22 170713 𘛽 L1546 ljụ lu lu ལུ lu ལུ
07:23 170714 g‑ye g‑ye གཡེ g.ye གཡེ
07:24 170715 bi ?i ི ni ནི
07:25
08:01 170801 □ ? tʽa tha ཐ tha ཐ
08:02 170802 □ ? zu zuv ཟུའ zu' ཟུའ
08:03 170803 𗹙 L0467 tsji̱r rtse rtse རྩེ rtse རྩེ
08:04 170804 𘛽 L1546 ljụ lu luv ལུའ lu' ལུའ
08:05 170805 𗤁 L3200 tśhjiw čʽe chiv ཆིའ chi' ཆིའ
08:06 170806 𘕕 L5865 sọ gso g‑sov གསོའ gso' གསོའ
08:07 170807 𗯨 L4713 rjur su ?u ུ [?]u ུ [6]
08:08 170808 ?‑ge ◌གེ dge དགེ
08:09 □ ?
08:10 □ ?
08:11 170809 𘆄 L0724 njɨ še ni ནི ni ནི
08:12 170810 𘟣 L0930 dju ạdra v‑?? འ◌ 'du' འདུའ
08:13 170811
08:14 170812 𗯨 L4713 rjur gdu g‑ru གརུ g.[?]u ག​ུ
08:15 170813 𗪠 L2763 ɣu rmu rgu རྒུ rgu རྒུ
08:16 170814 𗖵 L0433 bju ạbru v‑bu འབུ 'bu འབུ
08:17 170815 𗍺 L0752 tśja ba cav ཅའ ca' ཅའ
08:18 170816 𘐔 L5771 tshwew btsʽo b‑tshiv བཚིའ btshi' བཚིའ
08:19 170817 𘏚 L5645 tjị sde sti སྟི sti སྟི
08:20 170818 𘟂 L0508 ŋwu du ngu ངུ ngu ངུ
08:21 170819 𘝞 L4797 ·jwɨr dkʽid d‑wir དཝིར d.wir དཝིར
08:22 170820 𘂤 L5993 kha kʽra khha ཁྷ kh+ha ཁྷ
08:23 170821 𗍥 L0015 ɣjɨ̣ rgi rgi རྒི rgi རྒི
08:24 170822 𘟙 L3830 njij še ne ནེ ne ནེ
09:01 170901 □ ? žaṅ zh?v ཞའ zha' ཞའ
09:02 170902 □ ? du ngu ངུ ngu ངུ
09:03
09:04
09:05
09:06 d[?] ད
09:07 170903 □ ? ? d‑wi དཝི d.wi དཝི [7]
09:08 170904 □ ? ? tha ཐ [8]
09:09 170905 𗧘 L3183 wo ? wo ? ཝོ [9]
09:10 170906 𘐔 L5771 tshwew btsʽo b‑tshi བཚི btshi བཚི
09:11 170907 𘏚 L5645 tjị ste sti སྟི sti སྟི
09:12 170908 𗍱 L4024 zjɨ̣ bro ziv ཟིའ zi' ཟིའ
09:13 170909 𗀔 L0089 tśhja̱ ? cha ཆ cha' ཆའ
09:14 170910 𗶷 L4481 śjɨ šo shi ཤི shi ཤི
09:15 170911 𘃞 L5285 ljɨ si li ལི li ལི
09:16 170912 𗍫 L4027 njɨ̱ gšo g‑ni གནི gni གནི
09:17 170913 𘓞 L3735 tjị sto sti སྟི sti སྟི
09:18 170914 𗄈 L0009 śjwo šo sho ཤོ sho ཤོ
09:19 170915 𘏒 L5390 phie či phi ཕི phi ཕི
09:20 170916 𘎪 L5612 tshji̱j tsʽe tshe ཚེ tshe ཚེ
09:21 170917 𗡶 L0535 śjij še she ཤེ she ཤེ
09:22 170918 𘎪 L5612 tshji̱j tsʽe tshe ཚེ tshe ཚེ
09:23 170919 𗫂 L3583 tja ta ta ཏ ta ཏ
09:24 170920 𘝞 L4797 ·jwɨr dčʽid d‑wir དཝིར d.wir དཝིར
09:25 170921 𗨁 L2612 phju tso phov ཕོའ pho' ཕོའ
10:01 171001 𘘚 L0998 dzji̱j ? '[?] འ
10:02 171002 𗺓 L3756 twẹ ? b[?] བ
10:03 171003 𖿠 L3756 twẹ ? b[?] བ
10:04 171004 𗈪 L5981 ·a ?
10:05 171005 𗖍 L0837 lja̱ sda lda ལྡ lda ལྡ
10:06 171006 𘟂 L0508 ŋwu du ngu ངུ ngu ངུ
10:07 171007 𘈒 L1801 dzjij ạdza v‑dz? འཛ 'dze འཛེ
10:08 171008 𘒣 L1045 dạ dru dha དྷ dha དྷ
10:09 171009 𘌽 L5354 thjɨ tʽo thi ཐི thi ཐི
10:10 171010 𗍊 L0290 sju zu zu ཟུ zu ཟུ
10:11 171011 𗍺 L0752 tśja tsa cav ཅའ ca' ཅའ
10:12 171012 𘐔 L5771 tshwew ạtsʽo b‑tshiv བཚིའ btshi' བཚིའ
10:13 171013 𗅉 L1906 nio̱w gšu g‑nu གནུ gnu གནུ
10:14 171014 𘕣 L5688 wa kʽa wa ཝ [?]
10:15 171015 □ ? dmo d‑wo དཝོ d.wo དཝོ [10]
10:16 171016 𗗟 L1101 ·jij g‑ye g‑yi གཡི g.yie ? གཡིེ [11]
10:17 171017 𘘣 L1278 ·jɨ g‑yi g‑yi གཡི g.yi གཡི
10:18 171018 𗌭 L1542 ku bku b‑ku བཀུ bku བཀུ
10:19 171019 𘚔 L4625 mji̱j bde me མེ me མེ
10:20 171020 𗣃 L3195 gjwi bgyi b‑gyi བགྱི bgyi བགྱི
10:21 171021 𘂤 L5993 kha kʽru khha ཁྷ kh+ha ཁྷ
10:22 171022 𘏒 L5390 phie či phiv ཕིའ phi' ཕིའ
10:23 171023 𘋱 L5632 tshjɨ tsʽe tshe ཚེ tshe ཚེ
10:24 171024 𗧓 L2098 ŋa ? d[?]' ད◌འ
10:25 171025 𘘣 L1278 ·jɨ g‑yi g‑yi གཡི g.yi' གཡིའ
11:01 171101 𘕣 L5688 wa kʽo wa ཝ wa ཝ
11:02 171102 𘏒 L5390 phie čo phi ཕི phi ཕི
11:03 171103 𘋱 L5632 tshjɨ tsʽe tshe ཚེ tshe ཚེ
11:04 171104 𘉞 L4601 nja ša na ན na ན [12]
11:05 171105 𘘣 L1278 ·jɨ g‑yi g‑yi གཡི g.yi གཡི
11:06 171106 𗌭 L1542 ku bku v‑ku འཀུ bku བཀུ
11:07 171107 𘕕 L5865 sọ gso g‑sov གསོའ gso' གསོའ
11:08 171108 𗡪 L1290 tsew tsa tsa ཙ tsa ཙ
11:09 171109 𗣃 L3195 gjwi bgo b‑gyi བགྱི bgyi བགྱི
11:10 171110 𗟨 L1770 lhjwi blti b‑lhiv བལྷིའ b.lhi' བལྷིའ
11:11 171111 𗍥 L0015 ɣjɨ̣ rgo rgi རྒི rgi རྒི
11:12 171112 𘟙 L3830 njij še ne ནེ ne ནེ
11:13 171113 𘝳 L5795 mjɨ mu mu མུ mu མུ
11:14 171114 𗥔 L2753 lhe̱w sde lhi ལྷི lhi ལྷི
11:15 171115 𗴺 L0092 mja ma ma མ ma མ
11:16 171116 𗗙 L1139 ·jij ye ye ཡེ ye ཡེ
11:17 171117 𗴿 L0105 kjụ rku rkyu རྐྱུ rkyu རྐྱུ
11:18 171118 𗡶 L0535 śjij še she ཤེ she ཤེ
11:19 171119 𘀽 L3974 tshji̱ tsʽi tshi ཚི tshi ཚི
11:20 171120 𗧓 L2098 ŋa da nga ང nga ང
11:21 171121 □ ? g‑yi g‑ye གཡེ g.yi གཡི
11:22 171122 še ?‑ne ◌ནེ ne ནེ
11:23 [?]i ི
11:24
12:01 171201 𘎲 L5621 lhu bsdus b‑lhuv བལྷུའ b.lhu' བལྷུའ
12:02 171202 𗓅 L5040 kia̱ bkaṅ b‑kar བཀར bkar བཀར
12:03 171203 𘒣 L1045 dạ dra dha དྷ dha དྷ
12:04 171204 𗋸 L3527 mja ma ma མ ma མ
12:05 171205 𘟂 L0508 ŋwu du ngu ངུ ngu ངུ
12:06 171206 𘘣 L1278 ·jɨ g‑yi g‑yi གཡི g.yi གཡི
12:07 171207 𗌭 L1542 ku bku b‑ku བཀུ bku བཀུ
12:08 171208 𘈩 L0100 lew kli kli ཀླི kli ཀླི
12:09 171209 𗡪 L1290 tsew tsi tsi ཙི tsi ཙི
12:10 171210 𗣃 L3195 gjwi bgyi b‑gyi བགྱི bgyi བགྱི
12:11 171211 𗳒 L5880 ŋwu du ngu ངུ ngu ངུ
12:12 171212 𗊬 L3027 kụ bkus b‑kuv བཀུའ bku' བཀུའ
12:13 171213 𗨁 L2612 phju čo pho ཕོ pho ཕོ
12:14 171214 𘘚 L0998 dzji̱j ạdze v‑dze འཛེ 'dze འཛེ
12:15 171215 𗺓 L3756 twẹ btos b‑tiv བཏིའ bti' བཏིའ
12:16 171216 𖿠 L3756 twẹ ạdos b‑tiv བཏིའ bti' བཏིའ
12:17 171217 𘐡 L5379 tśjɨ gtsos g‑civ གཅིའ gtsi' གཙིའ
12:18 171218 𘘣 L1278 ·jɨ g‑yi g‑yi གཡི g.yi གཡི
12:19 171219 𘄴 L1319 tshji tsʽi tshi ཚི tshi ཚི
12:20 171220 𗑾 L4902 ŋwu̱ du ngu ངུ ngu ངུ
12:21 171221 □ ? du ngu ངུ ngu ངུ
12:22‍–25
13:01 171301 𗳒 L5880 ŋwu pe ngu ངུ ngu ངུ
13:02 171302 𘈧 L1332 de̱j ạdre v‑dhe འདྷེ 'dhe འདྷེ
13:03 171303 𗧓 L2098 ŋa da nga ང nga ང
13:04 171304 𘘣 L1278 ·jɨ yi ?‑yi ?ཡི g.yi གཡི
13:05 171305 𗖶 L0441 sjwɨ bsu b‑su བསུ bsu བསུ
13:06 171306 𘋩 L5447 do dro dho དྷོ dho དྷོ
13:07 171307 □ ? ? [?]i ི
13:08 171308 𘉞 L4601 nja ? na ན
13:09 171309 𘘣 L1278 ·jɨ ga g‑?? ག◌ g.[?] ག
13:10 171310 𗌭 L1542 ku bku b‑ku བཀུ bku བཀུ
13:11 171311 𘈩 L0100 lew klo kli ཀླི kli ཀླི
13:12 171312 𘋠 L5932 mə dmu d‑mu དམུ dmu དམུ
13:13 171313 𗥤 L3574 tsjij tse tse ཙེ tse ཙེ
13:14 171314 𗇋 L3818 mjijr dme rme རྨེ rme རྨེ
13:15 171315 𘘣 L1278 ·jɨ yi yi ཡི yi ཡི
13:16 171316 𗈪 L5981 ·a la ·a ཨ a ཨ
13:17 171317 𗣃 L3195 gjwi bgye b‑gyi བགྱི bgyi བགྱི
13:18 171318 𘎪 L5612 tshji̱j čʽo tshe ཚེ tshe ཚེ
13:19 171319 𘌽 L5354 thjɨ tʽe thi ཐི thi ཐི
13:20 171320 𗧘 L3183 wo kʽo wo ཝོ wo ཝོ
13:21 171321 𘎪 L5612 tshji̱j tsʽe tshe ཚེ tshe ཚེ
13:22 171322 □ ? še she ཤེ she ཤེ
13:23 dam ? [?]
13:24–25
14:01
14:02
14:03
14:04 [?]dz[?] ཛ
14:05 tshe ཚེ
14:06
14:07 '[?]e འ​ེ
14:08
14:09 □ ?
14:10 171401 𗫂 L3583 tja ta ta ཏ ta ཏ
14:11 171402 𘈩 L0100 lew klo kli ཀླི kli ཀླི
14:12 171403 □ ? du ngu ངུ ngu ངུ [13]
14:13 171404 𗮅 L5414 rejr de rev རེའ re' རེའ
14:14 171405 𘓐 L2541 dzjwo ạdžo b‑dzo བཛོ bdzo བཛོ
14:15 171406 𗗙 L1139 ·jij dpe ye ཡེ ye ཡེ
14:16 171407 𗅋 L1918 mji dmi d‑mi དམི dmi དམི
14:17 171408 𘈧 L1332 de̱j ạdre v‑dhev འདྷེའ 'dhe' འདྷེའ
14:18 171409 𘃡 L5113 wji dtsʽo d‑wi དཝི d.wi དཝི
14:19 171410 𘔼 L2484 nio̱w ša nu ནུ
14:20 171411 𘘦 L0322 tśhjwo ? [?]o ོ
14:21 □ ?
14:22–25
15:01–09
15:10 pa [?]u ུ
15:11 171501 sde ldi ལྡི ldi ལྡི
15:12 171502 ? mi མི mi མི
15:13 171503 ạdža ?‑zav ◌ཟའ 'ja' འཇའ
15:14 171504 ča phav ཕའ pha' ཕའ
15:15 171505 tse tsi ཙི tsi ཙི
15:16 171506 kʽo wo ཝོ wo ཝོ
15:17 171507 ạdus v‑duv འདུའ 'du' འདུའ
15:18 171508 tʽe che ཆེ the ཐེ
15:19 171509 bsu b‑su བསུ bsu བསུ
15:20 171510 li ?iv ིའ li' ལིའ
15:21–25

Notes

  1. Only the left edge of the Tangut text survives for the first line, but not enough to identify the characters with certainty.
  2. Tai Chung Pui reads the Tangut character as L0762 "wheel", whereas I read it as L3852 "to go".
  3. Tai Chung Pui reads the Tibetan gloss as dghe དགྷེ, but the subscript letter is more curved than the subscript letter h elsewhere in this particular manuscript, and it is identical to the subscript letter discussed in Note 5 which cannot plausibly be a subscript h. I therefore tentatively read it as a subscript letter y with a u vowel (i.e. dgyue དགྱེུ). Cf. Note 5.
  4. The final letter 'a of the Tibetan gloss is oddly separate from the initial g.yi, as if it does not belong to the gloss.
  5. Tai Chung Pui transcribes the Tibetan gloss as dkye (i.e. དཀྱེ), but writes the Tibetan as དཀྱེུ (i.e. dkyue). I concur with the latter interpretation that the h-shaped letter is a subscript letter y with a u vowel. Cf. Note 3.
  6. The expected reading for the Tibetan gloss is ru, but the actual gloss looks more like lu, although it is not possible to be certain due to manuscript damage at this point.
  7. The Tangut character is damaged, but should be identifiable; however I have not been able to do so. The manuscript is torn at this point, and I think that dwi on the other side of the tear is the corresponding Tibetan gloss, but it may actually be the gloss below (i.e. tha).
  8. The Tangut character is damaged, but should be identifiable; however I have not been able to do so. The manuscript is torn at this point, and I think that tha on the other side of the tear is the corresponding Tibetan gloss, but it may actually be the lost gloss below tha.
  9. The Tibetan gloss is damaged and uncertain, but based on the Tangut reading I suspect that it is wo.
  10. The Tangut character is clear and legible, but I cannot identify it as written, and Tai Chung Pui does not provide an identification either.
  11. The Tibetan gloss has both an i and an e vowel sign, which is probably a mistake caused by the scribe first writing g.ye or g.yi, and then correcting it to g.yi or g.ye.
  12. Tai Chung Pui reads the Tangut character as L4602 "eight".
  13. The Tangut character is damaged, but should be identifiable; however I have not been able to do so.

References


Published: 2011-12-11. Last modified: 2011-12-24.


Tangut Manuscripts with Tibetan Phonetic Glosses

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